Division 10 Specialties

Division 10 Specialties

In the United States, "bathroom" commonly means "a room containing a lavatory". In other countries this is usually called the "toilet" or alternatively "water closet" (WC), lavatory or "loo". The word "bathroom" is also used in the U.S. for a public toilet (the more formal U.S. term being "restroom").

The third millennium B.C. was the "Age of Cleanliness." Toilets and sewers were invented in several parts of the world, and Mohenjo-Daro circa 2800 B.C. had some of the most advanced, with lavatories built into the outer walls of houses. These were "Western-style" toilets made from bricks with wooden seats on top. They had vertical chutes, through which waste fell into street drains or cesspits. Sir Mortimer Wheeler, the director general of archaeology in India from 1944 to 1948, wrote, "The high quality of the sanitary arrangements could well be envied in many parts of the world today."

Friend: Polanski finishing film under house arrest

GENEVA – Roman Polanski is finishing the edit of his latest movie "Ghost" from his house arrest in Switzerland, surrounded by family and bombarded by telephone calls of support, French philosopher Bernard-Henri Levy said in an interview Sunday.
Levy, a friend of the 76-year-old director, told the Lausanne-based weekly Le Matin Dimanche that he visited Polanski in his chalet in the luxury Swiss resort of Gstaad about 10 days ago and found him like "a rock," working and confident even though his family is worried about the U.S. extradition request hanging over him.
"It's in fact very impressive. He is in the process of finishing at a distance the editing of his next film, which I understand will be in the official selection at the next Berlin Festival," Levy said.
He said he was able to have a friendly dinner with Polanski in the chalet. Being able to entertain at home was one of the privileges the director received after his Dec. 4 transfer to house arrest from a Swiss jail after more than 60 days of detention.
Polanski has to wear an electronic monitoring bracelet around his ankle to guard against his leaving the grounds of the chalet, but he is able to receive guests inside or outside the house, work on his films, make telephone calls and send e-mails as much as he likes.
"The telephone doesn't stop ringing, the messages of support are pouring in, especially from his Swiss friends," Levy said.
He said Polanski told him Swiss officials were only doing their job in arresting him Sept. 26 and holding him in detention, but that all of them had treated him with kindness and appeared "extraordinarily embarrassed" by what he was going through.
Swiss authorities have said they will decide early next year whether to extradite Polanski the United States where he is wanted in Los Angeles for sentencing for having sex in 1977 with a 13-year-old girl.
If Polanski breaks the conditions for his house arrest, the Swiss government would confiscate the $4.5 million bail he deposited. That substantial amount was a key element in granting the house arrest — a first in Switzerland for a detainee in an extradition case.
Polanski's two children — Elvis, 9, and Morgane, 16 — and his wife, French actress Emmanuelle Seigner, have been staying in the chalet with him.
The Oscar-winning director of "Rosemary's Baby," "Chinatown" and "The Pianist" was arrested as he arrived in Zurich to receive a lifetime achievement award at a film festival.
Polanski was initially accused of raping the girl after plying her with champagne and a Quaalude pill during a 1977 modeling shoot. He was indicted on six felony counts, including rape by use of drugs, child molestation and sodomy, but he pleaded guilty to the lesser charge of unlawful sexual intercourse.
In exchange, the judge agreed to drop the remaining charges and sent him to prison for a 90-day psychiatric evaluation. The evaluator released Polanski after 42 days, but the judge said he was going to send him back to serve out the 90 days.
The filmmaker fled the U.S. on Feb. 1, 1978, the day he was to be formally sentenced. He has lived since then in France, which does not extradite its citizens.
Polanski has been getting help from his victim in the California case in a bid to have sex misconduct charges against him dismissed. The attorney for Samantha Geimer, who long ago publicly identified herself, argued earlier this month for an end to the case, saying she has repeatedly said she wants it dropped.
The California Second District Court of Appeal is being asked to decide if it should order a lower court to consider dismissing the case without Polanski's attendance in court.
Polanski claims that the U.S. judge and prosecutors acted improperly in his case.

Longhorns shred Tar Heels' defense, win 103-90

ARLINGTON, Texas – Damion James led a four-man scoring frenzy that carried No. 2 Texas to a 103-90 victory over No. 10 North Carolina on Saturday in the first basketball game at Cowboys Stadium.
James and hefty center Dexter Pittman were forces around the basket on both ends of the court, with James posting 25 points and 15 rebounds, and Pittman compiling 23 points and a season-high 15 rebounds.
J'Covan Brown added 21 points and Avery Bradley had 20 as the Longhorns (10-0) cruised to a victory in the same building where Colt McCoy and the Texas football team won the Big 12 title two weeks before.
It was the most points the Tar Heels (8-3) have allowed in regulation since Roy Williams became their coach in 2003-04. Wake Forest scored 119 in a triple-overtime victory in December 2003.
North Carolina led for most of the first 16 minutes, then fell behind for good during a stretch of 10 straight misses. The Tar Heels gave up a 23-7 run going into halftime that included an inbounds pass that was stolen and turned into a layup by Bradley with 1 second left.
North Carolina clawed to within 82-78 with 6:59 to play, but simply couldn't keep up with Texas' scorers.
Ed Davis made nine of 13 shots and had 21 points and nine rebounds. Tyler Zeller was 7 of 8 for 16 points. The rest of the Tar Heels combined for 20 baskets. Marcus Ginyard returned from a one-game absence to score 13, but he missed seven of his first 10 tries.
Texas outrebounded North Carolina 60-41, which went a long way toward helping the Longhorns load up on easy baskets. They outscored the Tar Heels 27-11 on second-chance points and 16-8 on fast breaks.
Texas continues to steamroll past teams. In fact, this 13-point margin of victory was its smallest of the season. But this also was the start of an NCAA tournament-like stretch for the Longhorns, with a home game against No. 12 Michigan State on Tuesday night.
If coach Rick Barnes would quibble about anything, it might be the distribution of points. Other than the four big scorers, Texas' other eight players combined for 14 points.
Jai Lucas had an assist, a turnover and two fouls in 6 minutes for the Longhorns. This was his first game since transferring from Florida, where he made the SEC's all-freshman team in 2007-08.
North Carolina will be happy to have a stretch of games coming up against some soft foes after what the squad has been through. This was the fifth time in eight games that the Tar Heels faced a team currently among the top 18. They went 2-3, also losing to No. 3 Kentucky and No. 5 Syracuse.
Although this was technically a neutral site, burnt orange clothing filled the stands. The game drew 38,052; more than twice as many are expected for the next basketball game here, the NBA All-Star game in February.
This was only the fifth time these programs have met. Texas has won the last three for a 3-2 series lead.

Use Tax

Ideally, a sales tax is fair, has a high compliance rate, is difficult to avoid, is charged exactly once on any one item, and is simple to calculate and simple to collect. A conventional or retail sales tax attempts to achieve this by charging the tax only on the final end user, unlike a gross receipts tax levied on the intermediate business who purchases materials for production or ordinary operating expenses prior to delivering a service or product to the marketplace.

Most countries in the world have sales taxes or value-added taxes at all or several of the national, state, county or city government levels. Countries in western Europe, especially in Scandinavia have some of the world's highest valued-added taxes. Norway, Denmark and Sweden have the highest VATs at 25%, although reduced rates are used in some cases, as for groceries and newspaper.

Use Tax

Toilet Partitions

Although it was not with hygiene in mind, the first records for the use of baths date back as far as 3000 B.C. At this time water had a strong religious value, being seen as a purifying element for both body and soul, and so it was not uncommon for people to be required to cleanse themselves before entering a sacred area. Baths are recorded as part of a village or town life throughout this period, with a split between steam baths in Europe and America and cold baths in Asia. Communal baths were erected in a distinctly separate area to the living quarters of the village, with a view to preventing evil spirits from entering the domestic quarters of a commune.

Nearly all of the hundreds of houses excavated had their own bathing rooms. Generally located on the ground floor, the bath was made of brick, sometimes with a surrounding curb to sit on. The water drained away through a hole in the floor, down chutes or pottery pipes in the walls, into the municipal drainage system. Even the fastidious Egyptians rarely had special bathrooms.

Toilet Partitions

Indian schools caught in middle of rebel fight

NEW DELHI – Indian children are increasingly caught in the middle of fighting between the government and communist rebels in impoverished rural areas, with at least 42 schools attacked in the past year, a human rights group said Wednesday.
The rebels, who say they are inspired by Chinese revolutionary leader Mao Zedong, have been fighting for more than four decades in several states in central India, demanding land and jobs for agricultural laborers and the poor. But a spate of recent attacks has raised concern they are lashing out ahead of a planned government offensive aimed at routing them from their forest strongholds.
While the rebels frequently target police and government workers, schools are also often destroyed by rebels or occupied by police, jeopardizing the education of tens of thousands of India's most disadvantaged and marginalized children, New York-based Human Rights Watch said in a report.
"The Maoists say they are fighting for India's poor, but their attacks on schools deprive these children of the education they desperately need," said Bede Sheppard, author of the report. "At the same time, long-term police occupation of schools puts these children right in the midst of danger and trauma, keeps them from their classrooms, and frightens them away."
At least 30 schools have been attacked in the remote state of Jharkhand and 12 in Bihar since November 2008, although students do not appear to be targeted directly, the report found, focusing on two of the hardest-hit areas.
It said many of the attacks occurred over the past month — 14 in Jharkhand and two in Bihar.
The rebels have defended the attacks, which usually involve homemade bombs, saying they are only targeting schools being used by security forces, but the report found that unoccupied schools were attacked as well.
The reason for the rebel attacks appears to be that schools are often the only government buildings in areas where the movement is concentrated, according to the report.
"Moreover, undefended schools are a high-visibility, soft target — attacking them garners media attention and increases fear and intimidation among local communities," it said, calling the attacks a violation of international humanitarian law and Indian criminal law.
The Indian government declined to comment.
"The Home Ministry never comments on the reports of rights groups," ministry spokesman Onkar Kedia said.
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh recently said left-wing extremism was perhaps the gravest internal security threat India faces.
More than 2,000 Indian security forces and civilians have been killed in communist rebel violence since 2005, according to the New Delhi-based Institute for Conflict Management.
Human Rights Watch also criticized police and paramilitary troops for using school buildings as part of their counterinsurgency efforts, saying the occupation often extends for longer terms than warranted. It cited two cases in which police remained in part of a school years after their own station was destroyed by rebels.
Reliable government figures for the number of occupied schools were not available.
The Indian government has announced plans to deploy more than 70,000 paramilitary and police forces in a spring offensive in the so-called "Red Corridor" that runs through the dense, mineral-rich forest belt from the Nepal border to the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.
___
Sharma reported from New Delhi and Gamel from Islamabad.

___

On the Net:

Human Rights Watch report: http://www.hrw.org/en/node/86827

Dean embraces Senate compromise on health care

WASHINGTON – A staunch supporter of a public option to expand health care says he's encouraged by a Senate compromise on the troublesome issue.
Former Vermont Gov. Howard Dean, a physician, said Wednesday he believes opening up Medicare to people 55 to 64 years old gives momentum to the quest for a health care overhaul, putting it "on the right track."
The former Democratic presidential candidate and party chairman said on CBS's "The Early Show" that Medicare already is "a single payer run by the government. This moves things forward." Dean called it "real reform. Whatever we call it is irrelevant." Dean said he hopes the final version of the legislation "involves expansion of care" in America.

Myanmar junta calls detained Suu Kyi "dishonest"

YANGON (Reuters) –
Myanmar's detained opposition leader, Aung San Suu Kyi, has been insincere and dishonest in her offer to meet the country's military ruler and push for the lifting of Western sanctions, state media said on Wednesday.

Suu Kyi, who is held under house arrest, had tried to harm the government's image and her behavior had been "highly questionable", said a commentary carried in three state-run newspapers, which serve as mouthpieces for the reclusive regime.

The 64-year-old Nobel peace laureate asked to meet junta leader Senior General Than Shwe in a letter dated November 11, saying she wanted to work with his government in the interests of the country.

In a similar letter on September 25 she stated her desire to work with Western countries and the junta to bring about the lifting of sanctions, which critics say have been largely ineffective because of the regime's trade with China and India.

"Her letters suggest her dishonesty, and are designed to tarnish the image of the ruling government, putting all the blame on the government," said a commentary in the New Light of Myanmar.

This was the first response by the regime to Suu Kyi's requests and appeared to criticize the National League for Democracy (NLD) party leader for leaking one of the letters to the media.

"The two letters reflect her dishonesty. She should have approached the government in an honest way in order to work out the stalemate," it said.

Myanmar's military, which has ruled the country for almost 50 years and is shunned by the West because of its rights record, plans to hold multi-party elections in 2010 [ID:nBKK532864]).

In the last letter, Suu Kyi expressed thanks to the regime for allowing her to meet U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Kurt Campbell, the highest-ranking U.S. diplomat to visit Myanmar in 14 years, in November.

Despite the criticism, on Wednesday Suu Kyi was allowed to meet a government minister assigned as a go-between for the regime, suggesting lines of communication were still open.

A Home Ministry official said she held talks for 50 minutes at a state guesthouse in Yangon with Labour Minister Aung Kyi, whom she has met twice since late September.

It is unlikely Suu Kyi will get to meet Than Shwe. The 76-year-old strongman has been head of the junta for 17 years and plans to retire after the elections, but only, analysts say, after he has installed a favorable replacement.

Suu Kyi, the daughter of late independence hero Aung San, is seen as the biggest threat to the junta's grip on power and has been under detention of some form for 14 of the past 20 years.

She is appealing against a conviction for breaching an internal security law by allowing an American intruder to stay for two nights at her lakeside home.

The verdict was widely seen as an attempt to keep her sidelined in the run-up to the former Burma's first election in two decades. The NLD scored a landslide victory in the 1990 election that the military refused to recognize. (Writing by Martin Petty; Editing by Alan Raybould)

Hubble Photographs Billowing Clouds of Cosmic Dust (SPACE.com)

A recent
image taken by the Hubble Space Telescope reveals the perfect dust laboratory
in the sky and could help astronomers pin down the raw ingredients needed to
give birth to baby stars.

The stellar
photo is a composite of four images taken with different filters by Hubble's Advanced
Camera for Surveys. The resulting close-up shot reveals the northwest region of
the Iris Nebula, or NGC 7023. The nebula is a region of star formation that
lies about 1,400 light-years away in the constellation of Cepheus. (A light-year
is the distance light will travel in a year, which is about 6 trillion miles,
or 10 trillion km).

The image
shows billowing mounds of cosmic dust. Such dust is made up of tiny particles
of solid matter ranging in size from 10 to 100 times smaller than the dust
grains you might find blanketing household furniture on terra firma.

The
scientists were particularly interested in parts of the nebula that appeared
redder than expected. Considered a reflection nebula, NGC 7023 scatters light
from a massive nearby star, which in this case is a star called HD 200775
that's 10 times the mass of the sun. Typically, reflection nebulae appear blue,
because dust grains scatter blue light more efficiently than red.  

(The other
variety of nebula, called emission nebulae, are hot enough to emit light
themselves and tend to appear red.)  

Some
hydrocarbon-based compound must be causing these dusty filaments to take on the
red tinge, the researchers figure.

In addition
to studying the detailed Hubble image, the astronomers also used Hubble's Near
Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer instrument to try to determine the
chemical make-up of the nebula.

In general,
where there are clumps of dust, stars can sprout up as the material collapses
inward due to gravity. Over time if the clump gets massive enough, it ignites nuclear
fusion, at which point a full-fledged star is born. And so the results could
also add to knowledge of star birth.

Video
- Stunning New Images from Hubble
Video
- The Garden Sprinkler Nebula
Images:
Nebulas
Original Story: Hubble Photographs Billowing Clouds of Cosmic DustSPACE.com offers rich and compelling content about space science, travel and exploration as well as astronomy, technology, business news and more. The site boasts a variety of popular features including our space image of the day and other space pictures,space videos, Top 10s, Trivia, podcasts and Amazing Images submitted by our users. Join our community, sign up for our free newsletters and register for our RSS Feeds today!

Philippines charges clan heir with 25 murders

GENERAL SANTOS, Philippines (AFP) –
Philippine prosecutors on Tuesday filed 25 counts of murder against a clan leader's son whom they say led the election-related massacre of 57 people last week, officials said.

The charges against Andal Ampatuan Jnr were filed in a court in the southern city of Cotabato, which has jurisdiction over the site of the November 23 massacre, said prosecutor Edilberto Jamora.

Other members of the influential Ampatuan clan, including the family patriarch, provincial governor Andal Ampatuan Snr, were also summoned to submit affidavits in the investigation into the massacre in Maguindanao province.

Ampatuan Jnr had previously faced seven counts of murder for the massacre. Jamora said he was only being charged with 25 murders so far because authorities had only processed 25 death certificates.

Alleged armed followers of the Ampatuans murdered 57 people including the wife and two sisters of his bitter rival, Esmael Mangudadatu. Also among those killed were journalists, lawyers and other civilians.

Prosecutors said Ampatuan Jnr led the killings to prevent Mangudadatu from challenging him in the May 2010 race for governor of the province.

The killing has outraged the nation and embarrassed Philippine President Gloria Arroyo, who has longstanding ties with the Ampatuans.

The Ampatuans control many local positions in the southern province of Maguindanao and have hundreds of armed followers there.

Term Life Insurance

Neither FAS 113 nor SAP 62 defines the terms reasonable or significant. Ideally, one would like to be able to substitute values for both terms. It would be much simpler if one could apply a test of an X percent chance of a loss of Y percent or greater. Such tests have been proposed, including one famously attributed to an SEC official who is said to have opined in an after lunch talk that a 10 percent chance of a 10 percent loss was sufficient to establish both reasonableness and significance. Indeed, many insurers and reinsurers still apply this 10/10" test as a benchmark for risk transfer testing.

* Locked funds insurance is a little-known hybrid insurance policy jointly issued by governments and banks. It is used to protect public funds from tamper by unauthorized parties. In special cases, a government may authorize its use in protecting semi-private funds which are liable to tamper. The terms of this type of insurance are usually very strict. Therefore it is used only in extreme cases where maximum security of funds is required.

Term Life Insurance

Army helps vets with `invisible wounds' find jobs

SAN ANTONIO – Richard Martin keeps a rearview mirror on his desk to prevent co-workers from startling him in his cubicle. The walls are papered with sticky notes to help him remember things, and he wears noise-canceling headphones to keep his easily distracted mind focused.
Martin, an Army veteran who was nearly blown up on three occasions in Iraq, once feared that post-traumatic stress disorder and a brain injury would keep him from holding down a civilian job, despite years of corporate experience and an MBA.
"Here I am with this background and I'm having problems with my memory," said Martin, a 48-year-old engineer and former National Guard major who now works for Northrop Grumman, helping to devise ways to thwart remote-detonated bombs.
The defense contractor recruited him through its hiring program for severely wounded veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan. The company consulted occupational nurses on how to help him do his job without becoming overly nervous when someone, say, drops a heavy object. Martin figured out other tricks, like the headphones, on his own.
But Martin is one of the lucky ones.
Army officials say many new veterans suffering from PTSD and brain injuries struggle to find and keep a civilian job. Advocates say many employers don't know how to accommodate veterans with these "invisible wounds" and worry that they cannot do the job and might even "go postal" someday.
"There is a stigma attached to the invisible wounds, and it's largely borne out of ignorance," said David Autry, a spokesman for Disabled American Veterans. "There's a fear that somebody will go off the deep end."
The Army's Wounded Warrior Program, which helps veterans adjust to civilian life, has been reaching out to employers to educate them and encourage them to hire former soldiers with invisible wounds.
It conducts briefings to brace potential employers for soldiers who might not be able to work regular hours or might startle too easily, suffer outbursts or require time off for counseling.
About 90 severely wounded veterans have found work with the help of the Wounded Warrior Program since it began offering job assistance last year, though the Army does not break that down by injury type.
The severely wounded soldiers now returning from the wars suffer primarily from PTSD and severe brain injuries rather than lost limbs. About a third, or 1,950, of the 5,400 soldiers and veterans in the Wounded Warrior Program have PTSD as their primary injury, while about 970 are in the program because of brain injuries. About 770 are amputees.
For the invisibly wounded, the losses can be as minor as slight memory lapses and as severe as debilitating flashbacks and a hair-trigger temper. Some have blurred vision and difficulty concentrating.
Disabled soldiers qualify for disability payments, but those are often barely enough to live on, and many want to work, if only for their self-respect. The problem is that many employers are far less prepared to take on former military personnel with mental and cognitive disabilities than those with burns or lost limbs.
"Employers find it easier to accommodate those physical disabilities. They can get special equipment," said Sue Maloney, who works with veterans in the Wounded Warrior Program in the Seattle area. But "you can't always see the wounds or the injuries."
Kyle Salisbury, 21, went to work shortly after he retired from the Army last year with a brain injury caused by two large blasts in as many days.
His employer was excited about hiring a wounded Iraq veteran, but Salisbury often could not work because of severe headaches. A second job driving a truck did not work out either because of his occasional nausea and blurred vision. He quit both jobs.
"Right now my job prospects are zero," said Salisbury, who lives with his wife and 3-year-old nephew in Bellingham, Wash. He is attending community college while he decides what to do next.
With less than $3,000 a month in disability payments, "the bills take up all the money," he said. "I definitely don't live a worry-free life."

The transition for Martin, who works in Clearfield, Utah, appears to have been easier. He said minor adjustments to his office, combined with a Blackberry, rehab and medication, have allowed him to function well. He learned about the noise-canceling headphones from a fellow passenger on an airplane.

Karen Stang, manager of Northrop Grumman's hiring program, said that adjustments had to be made for veterans with PTSD or brain injuries, but company managers are happy with the new hires.

The company consults with occupational nurses about what accommodations should be made and encourages veterans to be honest about what they need.

"Give them a chance," Stang said she tells other employers. "Really, look at what they bring as far as skills and help them manage their disability so they can succeed in their job."

___

On the Net:

Army Wounded Warrior Program: http://www.aw2.army.mil

Northrop Grumman Corp.'s Operation Impact: http://operationimpact.ms.northropgrumman.com/default.htm

U.S. offshore tax amnesty yields big response: IRS

WASHINGTON (Reuters) –
Some 14,700 rich Americans worried about a U.S. government crackdown on offshore tax cheats came forward to participate in a tax amnesty program, the top U.S. tax official said on Tuesday.

Participation in the Internal Revenue Service's amnesty program was "unprecedented" and the final number was nearly double the agency's estimate in October, U.S. Internal Revenue Service Commissioner Douglas Shulman told reporters in a telephone briefing.

The IRS amnesty program, which ended in October, offered reduced penalties for wealthy Americans who voluntarily disclosed previously undeclared foreign bank accounts and assets. "We were flooded with people coming in the final days of the program," Shulman said.

"The IRS has never got anything like that in response to prior initiatives," said Barbara Kaplan, a lawyer for high net- worth clients in New York. "It's a little higher than I anticipated based on the pace of my own practice and the panic that was out there."

While agency officials were still analyzing the amount of offshore assets and bank accounts disclosed, Shulman said "we are talking about billions of dollars coming into the U.S. treasury" from the amnesty program.

Of the 14,700 newly disclosed accounts, Shulman said many involved bank accounts in Switzerland and Europe, but assets were also hidden in more than 70 countries.

"The whole game around bank secrecy, around offshore (tax) evasion is changing" because of pressure from the U.S. Justice Department and from international capital markets, he said.

At the center of the U.S. efforts to combat tax evasion abroad is a case against Swiss banking giant UBS AG, which led the bank to agree to reveal the names of 4,450 client accounts.

Shulman also said the outpouring of hidden offshore accounts does not affect in any way the obligation of UBS to turn over those American account-holder names. There had been some speculation that success in the amnesty program would cut the obligation of UBS to turn over accounts.

"Some have misinterpreted this," Shulman said.

Although the amnesty program has ended, Shulman encouraged Americans with hidden offshore assets to continue to come forward and talk with the IRS about them. "It will be much worse for them if we find them first," he said.

CRITERIA

The U.S. and Swiss governments also released on Tuesday the criteria it used to arrive at the 4,450 accounts that parties agreed UBS would eventually turn over to U.S. authorities.

The Swiss Justice Department said it would hand over the names of wealthy U.S. clients of UBS with accounts holding more than 1 million Swiss francs ($986,200) where there is a reasonable suspicion of tax fraud.

Accounts of a lesser size could come under the deal where there is a "scheme of lies" identified, according to the document.

It describes suspicious activity that could be interpreted as tax fraud including the use of debit cards, cell phones or wire transfers to hide accounts.

Shulman said the agreement will give the U.S. accounts it is most interested in -- those where taxpayers exhibited the most egregious behavior, those that would be hardest for the U.S. to identify and accounts with the largest holdings.

Submission of data to U.S. authorities applies to UBS accounts held between 2001 and 2008 by U.S. citizens.

(Reporting by Kim Dixon, with additional reporting by Jason Rhodes in Bern, Switzerland; Writing by Julie Vorman, Editing by Maureen Bavdek)

Astronauts Inspect Space Shuttle for Damage (SPACE.com)

WASHINGTON — Astronauts aboard NASA's space shuttle Atlantis
will inspect their spacecraft's sensitive heat shield today for any signs of
damage incurred during launch.

The checkout is a now-standard precaution and NASA has no
specific cause for concern after Monday's smooth
liftoff from Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Fla., mission managers
said. Commander Charlie Hobaugh and his six-astronaut crew will use an
inspection pole tipped with laser sensors and cameras to scan the orbiter's
wing edges and nose cap for new dings or scratches.

"If there's been any impacts, things that have come off
the tank or some spare debris, or something has hit something, we can take a
look at it with the sensor packages and try to determine if it's something that
is kind of benign or something worth fixing with [a spacewalk]," said
mission specialist Leland Melvin in a preflight interview. "And so we'll
survey the port wing, the starboard wing and the nose cap and then make sure
that everything's safe."

The survey is set to begin at 8:13 a.m. EST (1313 GMT) and
will last about six hours. Astronauts will attach the 50-foot (15-meter)
inspection boom to the end of the shuttle's already 50-foot (15-meter) robotic
arm and use its cameras and laser sensors to scan Atlantis'
most sensitive areas.

"It's been very refined, well-scripted, developed over
numerous missions, a procedure that we go through now," Hobaugh said.
"It's a long day. It's a lot of intensive arm ops obviously but what we do
is we rotate our crew members through to keep 'em fresh."

Today's inspection has been part of every
shuttle mission plan after the tragic Columbia accident in 2003, when a
piece of insulating foam from that shuttle's external fuel tank broke off and
struck the orbiter's wing during launch, damaging the heat shield and leading
to the loss of the spacecraft during re-entry. Seven astronauts were killed.

Since then, NASA has devised new heat shield inspection and
repair methods, as well as modified shuttle fuel tanks to reduce the amount of
foam debris during launch. NASA officials said Atlantis' launch looked
relatively clean.

Bill Gerstenmaier, NASA's associate administrator for space
operations, said NASA observed three small pieces of foam fall from Atlantis'
fuel tank during launch, but that they occurred too late in the liftoff to
cause harm.

"They were minor because they were after the time when
they can really do damage to the orbiter," Gerstenmaier said after
Monday's launch. Nonetheless, engineers plan to pore over the data and video
gathered during the launch to be sure.

Atlantis is bound for the International
Space Station to deliver two massive carriers filled with spare equipment
for the orbiting laboratory. The astronauts plan to spend about 11 days in space,
with three challenging spacewalks and complex robotic work scheduled.

The astronauts'
day on Atlantis began at began with a wake-up call at 4:28 a.m. EST (0928
GMT). Mission Control roused the crew with the song "I Can Only
Imagine" by MercyMe, a tune selected for shuttle pilot Barry
"Butch" Wilmore by his wife Deanna to mark his first career
spaceflight.

"What a very pleasant song to wake up to, thank you for
playing that," Wilmore radioed Mission Control. "Thanks to my wife
for selecting it."

SPACE.com
Video Show - Riding the Space Shuttle
Image
Gallery - Shuttle Discovery's Midnight Launch
SPACE.com
Video Show - Inside the International Space Station 
SPACE.com is providing complete coverage of Atlantis'
STS-129 mission to the International Space Station with Staff Writer Clara
Moskowitz in Washington, D.C. and Managing Editor Tariq Malik in New York. Click here for shuttle mission
updates and a link to NASA TV.

 

Original Story: Astronauts Inspect Space Shuttle for DamageSPACE.com offers rich and compelling content about space science, travel and exploration as well as astronomy, technology, business news and more. The site boasts a variety of popular features including our space image of the day and other space pictures,space videos, Top 10s, Trivia, podcasts and Amazing Images submitted by our users. Join our community, sign up for our free newsletters and register for our RSS Feeds today!

Going Rogue: A guide to who gets whacked (Politico)

Sarah Palin may claim to scorn elites, but her new book will ring familiar to its Beltway readership.
Getting even with those who crossed her, praising her allies and generally putting a self-serving sheen on last year’s presidential campaign, “Going Rogue” is typical of the political memoir genre of recent vintage. It’s the sort of book that will send the political class scurrying to bookstores, eager to see how they fared in what’s known as “the Washington read.”
With no index, though, Palin’s book has made that ritual more difficult.
So POLITICO, having obtained a copy of the book before its Tuesday release, has created a reader’s guide to “Going Rogue,” grouping the many characters into three categories, based upon that familiar question insiders are already whispering to those who managed to snag a copy of the book: How did I come out?
FRIENDS:
The construct Palin uses to describe the 2008 presidential campaign pits most of her advisers, the endearingly-named “B Team,” against the dreaded staffers running John McCain’s campaign back in suburban Washington, often simply derided as “headquarters.”
She has especially kind words for the campaign officials she bonded with during the campaign and, in some cases, remains in contact with.
This “B Team” includes such aides as Jason Recher, Chris Edwards, Tracey Schmitt, Jeannie Etchart, Bexie Nobles, Matthew Scully, Randy Scheunemann, Steve Biegun.
All receive generous treatment.
Biegun is even spared by a key omission in the book. Even though it has been reported that he was responsible for the embarrassing prank call Palin took from a pair of French Canadian DJs posing as the President of France, Palin only identifies the aide as “a campaign adviser.”
“I felt bad for him because he was an absolutely stellar professional, so I knew these radio guys had to be really good to get around him,” she writes.
John and Cindy McCain receive fulsome praise throughout the book from Palin, him as a brave American hero and her as a mix of elegant lady and Every Mom.
But the Arizona senator is also portrayed as the final enforcer of the decision not to let Palin speak on election night, something that plainly pained her.
She recounts telling McCain in the campaign’s hotel suite in Phoenix on election night that she wanted to use her remarks to thank him:
“’No these guys have it covered,’ he said, nodding in [campaign chief Steve] Schmidt’s direction. ‘They’ve got it handled.’”
Palin then writes: “I knew that was that. I thanked John again for everything and walked out of the room.”
McCain’s close friend Joe Lieberman, the Connecticut senator, also won accolades from Palin for soothing her during a stressful debate prep session.
“God is going to see you through this,” Palin recalls Lieberman telling her, noting that she found it “so heartfelt, so genuine, so sincere.”

FOES:

Much of the portion of the book devoted to Palin’s time as vice presidential nominee and her last year in Alaska is filled with her grievances against a handful of McCain campaign aides and the media.

In particular, Palin trains her fire at Steve Schmidt, campaign advisers Mark and Nicolle Wallace and CBS news anchor Katie Couric.

Schmidt, especially, receives the brunt of Palin’s blasts.

She describes him as variously quick-tempered, profane, overweight, threatening and incompetent. Plus, she notes, he was a smoker. (Though she does allow at one point that he can inspire loyalty and manage the press).

Complaining about being muzzled, she writes: “I questioned Schmidt about what headquarters would and would not allow me to say. Schmidt was a busy guy; he didn’t have a lot of time to elaborate, no doubt. He replied coolly, ‘Just stick to the script.’”

Taking issue with what she said was Schmidt’s attempt to get her a nutritionist, Palin observes: “As he lectured, I looked at his rotund physique and noted that he used nicotine to keep his own cognitive connections humming along.”

Schmidt also comes in for rough treatment in an anecdote Palin says took place between the campaign aide and Scheunemann after reports in POLITICO and CNN detailed the tensions between the veep candidate and McCain’s staff.

Citing Scheunemann, who remains a Palin adviser, she writes: “Schmidt issued a threat that was veiled enough for deniability but clear as day if you were on the receiving end: if there were are any more leaks critical of anybody in the handling of Sarah Palin, then a lot more negative stuff would be said about Sarah Palin.”

When Palin got prank-called by the two disc jockeys impersonating the president of France, she again paints Schmidt in a negative light.

“One of the first calls was Schmidt, and the force of his screaming blew my hair back. ‘How can anyone be so stupid?! Why would the president of France call a vice presidential candidate a few days out?

“Good question, I thought. Weren’t you the ones who set this up?

“As Schmidt’s rant blazed on, I pictured cell towers between D.C. and Florida bursting into flame. I held the phone slightly away from my head.”

Schmidt is also singled out on election night as the heavy who told Palin she wouldn’t be able to deliver a speech along with McCain’s own concession.

“Absolutely not,” Schmidt said. “I don’t even know why you wrote a speech. Nobody told you to.

“That set me back on my heels. I was surprised that he was surprised.”

Of Nicolle Wallace, a former top Bush administration official, Palin writes, “I had to trust her experience, as she had dealt with national politics more than I had. But something always struck me as peculiar about the way she recalled her days in the White House, when she was speaking on behalf of President George W. Bush. She didn’t have much to say that was positive about her former boss or the job in general.”

 

Palin also casts Nicolle Wallace as something of an insensitive snob, recalling that the campaign adviser informed her that her clothing was inappropriate for a vice-presidential nominee.

“She flipped through my wardrobe with raised eyebrows,” Palin writes of Wallace from a scene in the candidate’s bedroom after she returned to Alaska for her interview with ABC’s Charlie Gibson. “No…no…no,” [Wallace] said as she slid each garment aside on its hangar.”

And so as to make unmistakable her disdain for Mark Wallace, Nicolle’s husband, the former Alaska governor includes a picture of the aide holding up his arms at her during a hotel room debate preparation session during a photograph montage otherwise devoted to upbeat images of Palin, her family and supporters.

“This picture says it all,” Palin writes in the caption. “A dark hotel room in Philadelphia and a frustrated Mark Wallace trying to tell me which of his non-answers I should give during debate prep.”

Palin never flatly accuses any of the top McCain advisers as being responsible for the leaks against her, but she comes close in recounting a scene from the hotel pool in Phoenix on the day after the election when the Wallaces stopped to say their good-byes.

“’I think you should know that for the next few days it’s going to get really nasty,’” Palin recalls Nicolle Wallace saying. “’Negative stories in the press. You should just be ready, that’s always how it goes. Hang on your hats!’

 

“That made no sense to Todd—why would anything ‘get nasty?’ And how could anyone know what would be coming in the media?

“But the Wallaces waved good-bye, and that was that.”

Often, names weren’t necessary to make the point—criticizing the generic “headquarters” sufficed, as in this lament from the last weeks of the campaign: “We asked whether we could expand the message, but by then it seemed, at least according to reports like the New York Times Magazine piece by Robert Draper, that headquarters might have already given up.”

Or from campaign’s end: “Since headquarters had micromanaged everything I did and said for weeks…”

Her home state of Alaska, its denizens and trusted aides like Meg Stapleton get much softer and kinder treatment, but Palin does take after some liberal opponents from back home—and a former colleague as well.

Though not mentioned by name, John Bitney is easily identifiable as the former aide whom Palin writes “turned out to be a BlackBerry games addict who couldn't seem to keep his lunch off his tie."

The policy director on Palin’s gubernatorial campaign, Bitney was her first legislative director in Juneau but is now a critic who is frequently interviewed by reporters.

Yet is CBS news anchor Katie Couric who is singled out for special treatment, emerging among media figures as Palin Enemy Number One.

“As for Katie Couric—where do I begin?” Palin writes, recounting what she concedes was an awful interview with the network anchor.

Though she accepts some culpability for the disastrous interview, Palin accuses Couric of having gone easier on Democratic vice presidential nominee Joe Biden, and twice claims that the newswoman’s own clothing stylist was actually part of the team hired by the GOP to outfit the vice-presidential candidate for the campaign. Palin even takes a swipe at Couric’s patriotism.

Palin writes of a National Press Club event where Couric addressed journalists about the news media’s behavior immediately following the 9/11 attacks.

According to Palin’s account, Couric told her media colleagues: “The whole culture of wearing flags on our lapel and saying ‘we’ when referring to the United States and, even the ‘shock and awe’ of the initial stages, it was just too jubilant and a little uncomfortable.”

Writes Palin of this assessment: “Unbelievable.”

Among journalists, Couric may have come in for the most personal criticism but Palin also devotes considerable space to bemoaning the press corps in general. When, for example, she details her return to Alaska after the campaign, Palin grumbles about unnamed “pundits and reporters” who criticized her for “not attending the celebrity-packed events we were invited to Outside.”

Disputing some of the analysts who said then-Sen. Barack Obama outperformed McCain at the first presidential debate, Palin writes: “Granted, 90 percent of the newspeople covering the debate were liberal.”

At other times, Palin flatly accuses reporters as stalking and harassing her family.

IN BETWEEN:

Palin seems to spare those individuals who, unlike Schmidt, haven’t criticized her since the campaign or who she doesn’t seem to suspect as leakers who disparaged her, like the Wallaces.

So even though senior campaign aides Mark Salter and Rick Davis played a pivotal role in the campaign—and at “headquarters”—they are largely absent from the book.

Of Salter, she does allow that her first impression was that he seemed “friendlier and quieter than Schmidt” and was a loyal and influential adviser to the senator.

As she does with Biegun and the prank call incident, Palin appears to offer Salter anonymity in recounting the scene on election night when she was told she would not be speaking.

Even though Salter has been identified in other reports as one of the heavies who delivered the news, Palin writes only that a “senior staffer” said: “’You know you won’t be giving a speech.’”

Even though he was a Schmidt friend, her traveling chief of staff, Andrew Smith, isn’t bloodied too badly either.

"It seemed odd that we were being put in the hands of a man who had never run a campaign before, but Andrew seemed like a nice guy, and it wasn't my call,” she said of Smith, a Wall Street veteran.

Another of Palin’s top traveling aides, Tucker Eskew, doesn’t receive the praise that her other “B Team” allies do yet he isn’t scorned like other senior officials.

While calling him a “Southern gentleman,” Palin writes that Eskew stuck to her “like gum on a shoe.”

After events, she recalls, “he’d be waiting for me on the campaign bus steps with an indulgent smile that said, ‘Come over here and let me tell you what you did wrong, bless your heart.’”

Read More Stories from POLITICOOne-man crusade taking toll on EnsignObama, Hu talk economic cooperationVIDEO: Pundits on 'Going Rogue'McCain mum on Palin's accountSUBMIT VIDEO: A political comeback?

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Seat Heaters

Oral arguments scheduled in Polanski's CA appeal

LOS ANGELES – A California appeals court will listen to oral arguments from Roman Polanski's attorneys about why it should require a lower court to decide whether to dismiss charges against the fugitive director, whether he is present or not.
Polanski in July appealed a Los Angeles Superior Court judge's decision not to dismiss the criminal case because the director didn't appear for a hearing. The California Second District Court of Appeal on Monday set oral arguments for Dec. 10.
Los Angeles authorities have considered the Oscar-winning director a fugitive since he fled the United States in February 1978 just before he was to be sentenced for unlawful sexual intercourse with a 13-year-old girl.
The appeal was filed before Polanski's arrest in Switzerland on Sept. 25. He has resisted efforts to return him to Los Angeles. Extradition paperwork filed by U.S. authorities states the maximum sentence that Polanski, 76, faces is two years in prison.
Polanski's French attorney has filed a new bail offer with Swiss authorities in an attempt to free the Oscar-winning filmmaker.
Lawyer Herve Temime said the offer Monday includes "adequate guarantees" that Polanski will not flee justice if released. Polanski is awaiting a decision on extradition to the United States.
Switzerland's Justice Ministry rejected a bail offer Friday, considering Polanski a high flight risk. They noted it was not a cash offer.
Temime said Sunday the new offer would include a "very, very significant" cash amount, but he gave no further details Monday.
The California appellate court's decision to schedule oral arguments came 10 days after prosecutors and Polanski's attorneys filed supplemental briefs on why the appeal should either be heard or dismissed.
Prosecutors have consistently argued that Polanski needs to be present for the judge to consider whether to dismiss the case against him. They argued the appeal should be barred by Polanski's status as a fugitive, and that his arrest has rendered the case moot since there is now a chance that he will be returned to the United States.
Polanski's attorneys, however, argued his status as a fugitive shouldn't disqualify his appeal. The Superior Court judge should be required to decide whether to dismiss the case because of a judge's misconduct in handling Polanski's original criminal case, they stated in court filings.
They also contend that because of the previous misconduct, Polanski should not have to attend the hearing.
Polanski's victim, Samantha Geimer, has repeatedly asked for dismissal of the charges against Polanski. Her attorney filed a declaration in the appeals case last month, stating that the case's re-emergence has caused her undisclosed health issues and problems at her workplace.
She sued Polanski years after he fled, and the director agreed to pay a $500,000 settlement to her. It is unclear how much of the money she received.

Preview of MJ movie shows him in fine voice

NEW YORK – Kenny Ortega was responsible for some of Michael Jackson's biggest concerts, including what were to be his comeback shows in London. But in the singer's final days, the producer-director-choregrapher felt like he needed to take on another responsibility — making sure Jackson stayed healthy.
"Michael had sleepless nights and we had to look after him. (I'd say to him), 'Stay hydrated, have a protein shake — Did you eat today before you came?'" Ortega said in an interview Thursday to promote the new Jackson documentary, "This Is It."
When Jackson would say he had, a skeptical Ortega would say — "Michael?"
"Michael's an adult. ... We didn't want to baby him," he said. "(But) I had concerns and we had conversations, wanting to make sure he was doing everything he could to build himself and not break himself down."
Jackson died June 25 at age 50. The Los Angeles County coroner has ruled Jackson's death a homicide, caused primarily by the powerful anesthetic propofol and another sedative. Jackson's personal physician, Dr. Conrad Murray, has not been charged with a crime but is the focus of the police investigation.
Ortega's work with Jackson included world tours for Jackson's "Dangerous" and "HIStory" albums. He was directing the "This Is It" shows — which would have marked the performer's comeback concerts in London's O2 Arena in July — and was brought on to direct a film adaptation of those taped rehearsals after Jackson's death.
"This Is It" will premiere globally on Tuesday and run for two weeks. The soundtrack for the film, which includes the newly released title track as well as some of his best-known hits, is being released Monday.
In a 12-minute clip previewed for media on Thursday, a strong-voiced King of Pop is shown enthusiastically practicing some of his biggest hits.
Jackson, though frail-looking, is shown warming up his vocals during a performance of "Human Nature." That's followed by the singer running through the song in various outfits.
Later, he playfully dances with a woman as he sings "The Way You Make Me Feel," touching her thigh and holding her waist.
"One more time," Jackson says toward the end of the song after being told the last eight bars were to be cut.
Ortega says although he worried about Jackson's health, he doesn't believe the preparation for the shows wore the singer down. In fact, he says it was the opposite.
"I can tell you this experience, working on this show, was invigorating, was nourishing. ... (it) wasn't taking away from Michael," he said.
Travis Payne, a choreographer who worked on "This Is It" and other Jackson tours, says he remembers spending one-on-one time with Jackson — especially visiting Web sites like YouTube.
"I used to love sitting and just surfing the 'net with him," Payne said. "And we would just do that and we would be able to have our creative reference time in a different way now."
Musical director Michael Bearden recalls Jackson's lofty goal to try to capture all of his music in one, over-the-top show.
"He had so, so much music that we tried to get everything in but not cheat the audience at the same time, which is a delicate balance if you will to try to get everything in and still feel like you're getting a full song," he said.
Ortega says Jackson was very adamant about the look of the tour — from the length of the songs to the stage's lighting.

"From the very beginning Michael was very vocal, and very upfront about what he wanted to do and why he wanted to do it," Ortega said.

"That's what 'This Is It,' Michael Jackson's 'This Is It' the film, is about — it's a privileged peak into the final creative process of Michael's last theatrical work."

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On the Net:

http://www.thisisit-movie.com/

Fragrance Oil

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Due to their non-polarity, oils do not easily adhere to other substances. This makes oils useful as lubricants for various engineering purposes. Mineral oils are more suitable than biological oils, which degrade rapidly in most environmental conditions.

Fragrance Oil

TLC network is suing its star Jon Gosselin

NEW YORK – The TLC network has sued Jon Gosselin for allegedly breaching his contract as a star of the hit reality show "Jon & Kate Plus 8."
The lawsuit, filed Friday in the Circuit Court of Montgomery County, Md., alleges that Gosselin has failed to meet his obligations as an exclusive employee of the network, while appearing on rival networks' programs for pay and making unauthorized public disclosures about the show.
Gosselin has starred since 2007 on the weekly "Jon & Kate Plus 8," a ratings hit for the network that has been rocked in recent months by marital turmoil as Gosselin and his wife, Kate, feuded, then filed for divorce.
Gosselin, like his estranged wife, became mainstays on tabloid TV shows and magazine covers as Jon Gosselin was seen in the company of other women.
The couple are the parents of young twins and sextuplets whose family home is in Wernersville, Penn.
The suit is seeking from Gosselin unspecified compensatory damages and demanding he return income gained as a result of his breaches of the agreement, as well as to refrain from future violations of his contractual agreement.
"The network has been trying privately and patiently for months to get Jon to honor the contract he signed and to comply with his obligations relating to public appearances and statements," said TLC in a statement on Friday. "Those efforts have been unsuccessful."
Gosselin's lawyer, Mark Jay Heller, said he had not yet read the filing and had no immediate comment.
The lawsuit says that, last June, in recognition of "the Gosselins' difficult personal circumstances, TLC asked both parents to refrain from making public statements about each other, the divorce, or the program, and negotiated an agreed 'cooling off' period with respect to media communications" for 45 days.
Nonetheless, the suit alleges that Gosselin "in violation of his contractual exclusivity" to his own show, "entered a lucrative arrangement to appear regularly on 'Entertainment Tonight' and its companion show, 'The Insider,' to discuss his family and the problems he was having with Mrs. Gosselin, and he routinely sold photographic rights to various media outlets ...."
The lawsuit also claims that on Sept. 18, TLC requested that Gosselin be present for filming six days hence. He didn't respond to the request, and no filming took place on Sept. 24, the lawsuit says.
In light of Gosselin's alleged "erratic public behavior, unprofessional conduct and serial disregard for his contractual obligations," TLC on Sept. 29 announced the program would be relaunched in November as "Kate Plus Eight," with Jon Gosselin taking a back seat role to single mother Kate and the eight kids.
The lawsuit claims that he responded with a request to be released from his exclusive arrangement to pursue other paying opportunities while continuing to be compensated by TLC.
When TLC declined to comply with such a release, Gosselin notified TLC that he would attempt to bar TLC's access to the family property and filming of his children, the suit says, "on the grounds that it is purportedly detrimental to the children."
A few days later, Gosselin told CNN's "Larry King Live" that it's "not healthy" for his kids to continue appearing on the TLC reality show. He said he had had "an epiphany one day" and realized his 5-year-old sextuplets and 9-year-old twins shouldn't be filmed at the family's Pennsylvania home while their parents are going through a divorce.
TLC has since granted a judge's request that filming of the eight children be suspended.
TLC spokeswoman Laurie Goldberg said that, while both Kate and Jon Gosselin remain under exclusive contract to the network, the show's longtime future remains in question.
Meanwhile, Gosselin was been embroiled in a separate legal matter. Earlier this week, he was ordered to return $180,000 in marital funds by Oct. 26, according to a lawyer for his estranged wife. Kate Gosselin, meanwhile, must provide an accounting of past expenses by the same date, lawyer Mark Momjian said. And an arbitrator will review another $55,000 she says she spent on household and child-related expenses.

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TLC is owned by Discovery Communications, LLC.

FIFA to open disciplinary probe into Maradona

CAIRO (AFP) –
FIFA is to open a disciplinary investigation into Diego Maradona after the Argentinian coach's sexually-explicit, foul-mouthed rant following his team's qualification for the 2010 World Cup.

"We've been left with no other option than to open a disciplinary investigation into the Argentinian team coach," said Sepp Blatter, head of FIFA, football's world ruling body.

Maradona rounded on his critics after Argentina's 1-0 win over Uruguay on Wednesday, a victory which saw the two-time world champions squeeze nervously into next year's finals in South Africa.

The 48-year-old, a sporting icon in Argentina after skippering the 1986 World Cup winning team, enjoyed a honeymoon period at the start of his coaching reign before the knives began to be sharpened.

He was widely pilloried for the record 6-1 World Cup qualifier defeat in Bolivia and his relationship with the country's soccer-obsessed sports media never recovered.

Three more losses - against Ecuador, Brazil and Paraguay - threatened to dump Argentina out of the World Cup picture for the first time since 1970.

And Maradona was in belligerent mood after the Uruguay match, hurling a torrent of abuse at journalists.

Blatter, who was in Cairo for the final of the under-20 World Cup, warned that Maradona might have fallen foul of FIFA regulations which could result in a fine of up to 29,400 dollars and/or suspension.

"According to article 58.a, anyone who harms the dignity of a person through acts or words can be punished," said Blatter.

"The case will go to the disciplinary committee and I cannot say anything else. It's a matter of jurisdiction for this committee."

Article 58.a states: "Anyone who offends the dignity of a person or group of persons through contemptuous, discriminatory or denigratory words or actions concerning race, colour, language, religion or origin shall be suspended for at least five matches.

"Furthermore, a stadium ban and a fine of at least 20,000 Swiss francs shall be imposed. If the perpetrator is an official, the fine shall be at least 30,000 Swiss francs."

Blatter also bid a fond welcome to Argentina to the World Cup.

"Naturally, Argentina received the card from the president congratulating them as he did to all the teams including the smallest ones," he said.

Maradona has yet to react to the FIFA news but in a radio interview late Thursday night in Buenos Aires he said he had no intention of apologising for his outburst.

"I don't have to apologise. All I was doing was reacting to all those people who have spoken out against me. That's as far as it goes," he told Radio Continental.

"I'm not going to perform a u-turn. Everyone knows what has been said. It seems to me that a lot of journalists wanted the national team not to qualify for the World Cup finals.

"For me, that's anti-Argentine and is something I can't forgive."

Park Benches

An open park bench in al-Mahdi Park, Tehran. the bench seat is a traditional seat installed in automobiles, featuring a continuous pad running the full width of the cabin. a punishment bench is used to have a punishee lie (and often be tied) down on for the administration of a corporal punishment, after which it may be specifically named, e.g. caning bench.

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Park Benches

Bernanke says recession 'very likely over' (AP)

WASHINGTON – Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke said Tuesday that the worst recession since the 1930s is probably over.
Bernanke said the economy likely is growing now, but it won't be sufficient to prevent the unemployment rate, now at a 26-year high of 9.7 percent, from rising.
"The recession is very likely over at this point," Bernanke said in responding to questions at the Brookings Institution.
The Fed boss also said he is confident that Congress will enact a revamp of the nation's financial rule book to prevent a future crisis from happening.
"I feel quite confident that a comprehensive reform will be forthcoming," Bernanke said. It has been "too big a calamity" over the past year, with the near meltdown of the U.S. financial system, for Congress not to take action, he added.
President Barack Obama on Monday urged Congress to enact legislation this year.
Bernanke's speech to at Brookings was identical to the one he delivered last month at a Fed conference in Wyoming. Analysts predict the economy is growing in the current quarter, which ends Sept. 30, at an annual rate of 3 to 4 percent. It contracted at a 1 percent pace in the second quarter.

Nation marks 9/11 with acts of volunteerism (AP)

NEW YORK – The selfless spirit that helped mend a stricken nation eight years ago was renewed. Volunteers marked 9/11 Friday by tilling gardens, writing letters to soldiers, setting out flags — and, at ground zero, by joining the somber ritual of reading the names of the lost.
President Barack Obama, who observed his first Sept. 11 as president by declaring it a national day of service, laid a wreath Friday at the Pentagon and, with wife Michelle, helped paint the living room of a Habitat for Humanity house in Washington.
"We honor all those who gave their lives so that others might live, and all the survivors who battled burns and wounds and helped each other rebuild their lives," Obama said. He said the day was meant also as a tribute to the "service of a new generation."
Memorials in New York, at the Pentagon and at the crash site of United Airlines Flight 93 in Pennsylvania all took place under gray skies. A chilly rain fell in lower Manhattan, and those reading names at the World Trade Center site spoke under tents.
"We miss you. Life will never be the same without you," said Vladimir Boyarsky, whose son, Gennady Boyarsky, was killed. "This is not the rain. This is the tears."
In the hours after the attack and for weeks afterward, volunteers responded to New York City's needs, sending emergency workers to help with the recovery, cards to victims' families, and boxes of supplies.
"Each act was a link in a continuous chain that stopped us from falling into cynicism and despair," said New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg.
Across the country, Americans marked the anniversary with service projects.
Volunteers in Boston stuffed packages for military personnel overseas. In Tennessee and West Virginia, they distributed donated food for the needy. Community volunteers in Maine worked on a garden and picnic area for families transitioning out of homelessness.
In Chicago, they tilled community gardens, cooked lunch for residents of a shelter and packed food for mothers and babies. And on the lawn of the Ohio Statehouse, volunteers arranged nearly 3,000 small American flags, in a pattern reminiscent of the trade center's twin towers. At the top was an open space in the shape of a pentagon.
"It's different than just seeing numbers on a paper, when you actually see the flags. It's a visual impact of those lives," said Nikki Marlette, 62, of the Los Angeles suburb of Palos Verdes Estates, visiting Columbus for Saturday's Ohio State-Southern California football game.
At a plaza adjacent to the World Trade Center site, volunteers — from soup kitchens, advocacy groups, the Red Cross, the United Way — joined relatives of the lost to read the names of those killed in the twin towers.
"I ask that you honor my son and all those who perished eight years ago ... by volunteering, by making some kind of act of kindness in their memory," said one of the readers, Gloria Russin, who lost her son, Steven Harris Russin.
Renewing what has become a poignant tradition, some relatives called out greetings and messages of remembrances when they reached the names of their own loved ones.
"We love you, Dad, and we miss you," said Philip Hayes Jr., whose father, long retired from the Fire Department, rushed to the site that 2001 morning and ultimately gave his life.
Theresa Mullan, who lost her firefighter son, Michael, wore a poncho and shivered in the rain as she waited for her son's name to be called. She said she couldn't dream of being anywhere else.
"It's a small inconvenience," she said of the weather. "My son is the one who ran into a burning building."
Moments of silence were observed at 8:46, 9:03, 9:59 and 10:29 a.m. — the precise times that jetliners struck the north and south towers of the trade center and that each tower fell.

At ground zero in lower Manhattan, relatives and friends of victims visited a partially built, street-level Sept. 11 memorial plaza that had not been there a year ago.

The memorial, to be partially complete by the 10th anniversary in 2011, will ultimately include two square pools evoking the towers' footprints, with victims' names surrounding them and waterfalls cascading down the sides.

On Friday, William Weaver placed a single red rose in a temporary reflecting pool at the plaza, a photograph of his son, policeman Walter E. Weaver, pinned to his jacket. He said the memorial was taking too long and he did not like it. "It should have been a graveyard-type of thing," Weaver said.

In Shanksville, Pa., bells tolled for the 40 victims of the fourth hijacked jetliner that crashed there.

Eight years after 2,976 perished in the attacks, Obama vowed at the Pentagon that the United States "will never falter" in pursuit of al-Qaida. "Let us renew our resolve against those who perpetrated this barbaric act and who plot against us still," he said.

On a day already fraught with emotion, the Coast Guard massed vessels in the Potomac River in a training exercise, causing confusion. The exercise took place near the bridge where Obama's motorcade had passed earlier. As a precaution, departures from Reagan National Airport were halted for about 22 minutes at midmorning.

Initial, mistaken reports on two cable news channels said the Coast Guard was firing shots on the river. A group for military families expressed outrage that the Coast Guard exercise was held while families of 9/11 victims were gathered at the Pentagon.

George W. Bush, whose presidency was defined in part by that day, had no public appearances planned. A spokesman said he would be working in his office. In a statement, he said he and his wife, Laura, were thinking of the victims and their families.

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Associated Press writers Verena Dobnik in New York, Nancy Benac in Washington and Dan Nephin in Pittsburgh contributed to this report.

South African officials meet on Semenya case (AP)

JOHANNESBURG – South African sports officials met Saturday to decide how best to help a world champion runner whose sex has been questioned — and how to respond to the circus created by alleged leaks from the international track and field body.
The International Association of Athletics Federations, which ordered sex tests on women's world 800-meter champion Caster Semenya, has refused to confirm or deny Australian media reports that the tests show Semenya has both male and female characteristics. The international body says it is reviewing the results and will issue a final decision in November on whether Semenya will be allowed to continue to compete in women's events.
"She is going to be dominating the debate today," Athletics South Africa President Leonard Chuene told The Associated Press.
Chuene said he and other officials would review, among other issues, his decision to withdraw from the IAAF board, which South Africa accuses of mishandling the Semenya case by violating its own rules that such matters be handled privately. Results of the ASA deliberations will be announced Sunday, Chuene said.
ASA-IAAF relations have been severely strained by the Semenya affair, but Chuene said Saturday, "We don't fight them. We just want to deal with the matter."
Chuene said he withdrew from the IAAF board because "you can't sit there, denying and fighting." But he acknowledged a seat on the board might make it easier to defend Semenya's interests.
Chuene noted the IAAF had distanced itself from the reports in the Sydney Daily Telegraph and the Sydney Morning Herald that have angered everyone from President Jacob Zuma to school children in Semenya's home village in northern South Africa.
Semenya won the 800 in Berlin on Aug. 19 by 2.45 seconds in a world-record 1:55.45. Her dramatic improvement in times, muscular build and deep voice had sparked the speculation about her sex, and the IAAF announced the day of the 800 finals that tests had been ordered.
On Friday, South African Sports Minister Makhenkesi Stofile called a news conference to expressed his horror at the question of the 18-year-old's sex being debated publicly, and Zuma told reporters the media had exploited Semenya.
In Ga-Masehlong, the village where Semenya was born, and the neighboring village of Fairlie where she went to high school, there was anger and confusion. Villagers wondered aloud whether what they had heard on TV could be true, and about the emotional toll it could take on a teenager to see headlines declaring she had both male and female sex organs.
"Caster is a woman. I don't like having to hear people from outside saying otherwise. Here in our village it doesn't sit well with us," said 18-year-old Mapula Phano, who went to high school with Semenya. "The stuff they have been saying about her could destroy her confidence."
Erina Langa, a neighbor, said she has been impressed by how Semenya has behaved in the last few, difficult weeks.
"She is very, very, very brave," Langa said. "She's like her grandmother, she's a tough lady. Anything that she wants, she can do it. She trusts herself."
Semenya, who is a university student in Pretoria, the capital, dropped out of sight Friday. Her coach, Michael Seme, said she would not take part in a 4,000-meter race at the South African Cross Country Championships in Pretoria on Saturday because she was "not feeling well."
Her younger sister was alone Friday at the family home in Ga-Masehlong, curled up on a verandah that just last month was packed with relatives and friend's celebrating Semenya's victory in Germany. Asked if she wanted to speak, 16-year-old Mkele hid her face in her arms. A neighbor brushed past, saying only: "I'm not happy."
Visitors at the home of her grandmother, Maputhi Sekgala, in nearby Fairlie found the gate padlocked. Neighbors said Sekgala had gone to another village for a funeral.
Sekgala has been among Semenya's most exuberant supporters. She broke into a traditional praise poem at an airport news conference when the champion returned from Germany, and spoke on behalf of the family at an Aug. 28 celebration in Ga-Masehlong.
"It can only be jealousy that makes them say that she is a man," Sekgala was quoted Friday in The Times, a Johannesburg daily, as saying. "I raised her as a young girl and I have no doubt that she is a girl. As the family, we don't care who is saying what ... we will always support her athletic talent."

Semenya's father was angry when contacted by the AP on Friday, saying people who say his daughter is not a woman "are sick, they are crazy. Are they God?"

Source: Boyle to perform on `America's Got Talent' (AP)

LOS ANGELES – Susan Boyle is bringing her act to America.
The Scottish sensation of "Britain's Got Talent" will make her U.S. TV debut on the season finale of "America's Got Talent," according to a person close to the series. The person, who lacked authority to release the information, spoke Friday on condition of anonymity.
The dowdy Boyle surprised viewers of "Britain's Got Talent" with her soaring rendition of "I Dreamed a Dream." But she herself was taken aback by her sudden fame, which she has said hit her like a "giant demolition ball." She was hospitalized for exhaustion after the British show.
The two-part finale of "America's Got Talent" airs Sept. 14 and Sept. 16 on NBC.

EU mission in Kosovo, Belgrade sign police accord (AFP)

PRISTINA (AFP) –
Representatives of the EU mission in Kosovo (EULEX) signed an agreement with Serbia on police cooperation Friday in a move that drew strong protests from the government in Pristina.

"These arrangements, signed today on behalf of EULEX with the full support of the EU 27 member states, are an important step forward with a view to improve the rule of law throughout the whole of Kosovo," EULEX spokesman Christophe Lamfalussy said in a statement.

The policing accord, discussed for weeks between Belgrade and EULEX officials, is intended to combat organised crime and smuggling.

But the government in Kosovo, whose independence has been recognised by much of the European Union despite protests from Serbia, said the accord was an infringement on their sovereignty.

In a joint statement, Kosovo President Fatmir Sejdiu and Prime Minister Hashim Thaci said they "do not support the agreement," but vowed their commitment to "further cooperation with the EU."

"The Republic of Kosovo is not a party in technical arrangements between EULEX and the Interior Ministry of the Republic of Serbia for cooperation in the field of police," the statement said.

They added that "such arrangements do not and can not have any impact on independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of Kosovo."

Kosovo announced it was formally splitting from Serbia last year, almost a decade after a NATO-led war which ended in defeat for the then Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic's forces.

Backed by its traditional ally Russia, Serbia opposes the move, recognised so far by 62 countries, including the US and majority of the EU.

The rift is the worst between Kosovo's ethnic Albanian leadership and the EU mission since it arrived in the disputed Balkan territory at the start of this year in place of a United Nations mission.

It follows the arrest on Tuesday of 20 ethnic Albanian activists who, angered over the same issue, stoned and slashed the tyres of nearly 30 EULEX vehicles before overturning them.

And a group of Kosovo non-governmental organizations said they would hold a protest against EULEX on September 16 in Pristina.

"Let us all together say 'No' to the violation of sovereignty," they said.

Lamfalussy however sought to play down divisions, saying that "the arrangements on police cooperation with Belgrade are of a technical nature."

"They aim at fighting organised crime and smuggling. This will be to the benefit to all the people in Kosovo," he said, adding that the Kosovo police force "will be heavily involved in the exchange of information."

"In order to bring criminals to justice evidence needs to be shared and exchanged through the region and mechanisms need to be established to facilitate this.

"It is important to underline that EULEX is here to support Kosovo in the rule of law area and would never take any steps that would harm Kosovo," he insisted."

Serbian Interior Minister Ivica Dacic meanwhile said the accord "will regulate cooperation in a fight against organized crime, illegal drug trade and all other issues related to cross-border crime."

EULEX has around 2,000 staff on the ground in Kosovo, which also hosts almost 14,000 international troops serving under NATO's Kosovo Force and a small contingent of the United Nations.

Dem senator: Speed Afghan security force training (AP)

WASHINGTON – The Senate Armed Services chairman Friday added to mounting pressure on the White House to avoid escalating the war in Afghanistan by calling for faster training of Afghan security forces instead of sending more U.S. troops into combat.
A leading Senate Republican quickly countered that deploying more American troops to Iraq is what helped turn that war around.
The Senate panel's chairman, Michigan Democrat Carl Levin, had earlier raised concerns about a possible new troop buildup. But his proposal Friday to focus the U.S. mission in Afghanistan more on training than fighting was a blunt warning to the Obama administration — and it came after other Democratic congressional leaders raised similar concerns this week.
Levin said the trainers would help build a "surge" of 400,000 Afghan army and police officers a year earlier than initially planned. The term "surge" is most recently associated with the 2007 U.S. troop buildup in Iraq that helped bring the nation back from the brink of civil war.
"Our support of this surge of the Afghan security forces will show our commitment to the success of a mission that is clearly in our national security interests," Levin said at a Capitol Hill news conference. "But we would do so without creating a bigger U.S. military footprint, which provides propaganda fodder for the Taliban."
He added: "And we should implement these steps on an urgent basis, before we consider an increase in U.S. ground combat forces beyond what is already planned by the end of this year."
Levin did not immediately know how many trainers would be needed, and conceded that many would be U.S. military troops. He said more NATO forces should also help, a demand that came hours after Spain's government agreed to send 220 more troops to Afghanistan, raising their total to about 1,000.
Additionally, Levin said the U.S. needs to shift its trucks, weapons and other equipment still in Iraq to outfit the Afghan security forces. And he said more efforts need to be made to help reconcile local Taliban fighters — known as the "$10 Taliban" because they usually are hired for specific battles — with law-abiding forces.
Levin's comments came as the Obama administration weighs whether to boost the number of U.S. troops in Afghanistan beyond the 68,000 he has approved to be there by the end of the year. Congressional leaders are expected to be briefed next week on a broad review of Afghanistan strategy recently sent to President Barack Obama by Gen. Stanley McChrystal, the commander of U.S. and NATO forces there.
Defense Secretary Robert Gates is also expected to request additional forces to address what he sees as shortfalls in the military's ability to deal with a rising threat from roadside bombs in Afghanistan. That would not necessarily mean more forces above the current 68,000, but might mean replacing some existing forces with others specializing in bomb detection and removal and medical response.
"Nothing has been decided but there are capabilities he believes need to be addressed," Gates spokesman Geoff Morrell said Friday.
White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said Friday that no decision about troops is expected for "weeks and weeks" and likely will not come until after all the troops in the current ramp-up are in place and the situation can be evaluated with their presence.
"I think it will be many weeks of evaluation and assessment," Gibbs said.
Many military and diplomatic leaders have urged Obama to send thousands more Marines, soldiers and pilots to try to reverse Afghanistan's crumbling security. But leading Democrats in Congress have signaled they do not support a troop increase — especially on the heels of the bloodiest month in Afghanistan for U.S. troops so far.
Fifty-one U.S. troops died in Afghanistan in August, more than any other month since the U.S. invasion in October 2001.
Shortly after Levin finished outlining his plan, Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., said he also believes training for the Afghan forces must be stepped up, and quickly. But he said a "significant" number of additional U.S. combat troops also must be sent to Afghanistan to clear out the Taliban and keep violent extremists from returning.
"I say with great respect that I've seen this movie before," McCain, the top Republican on the Senate Armed Services panel and a Vietnam War veteran, told The Associated Press. He said most Democrats also opposed the 2007 surge, but "they were wrong in Iraq and they are wrong now."
"I think there's significant fatigue and resistance to an increase in troops, McCain said of Congress. "But I saw that same fatigue when we ordered the surge, and it succeeded."

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AP National Security Reporter Anne Gearan contributed to this report.

DA responds to OJ's appeal to state Supreme Court (AP)

LAS VEGAS – A Las Vegas prosecutor said Friday that O.J. Simpson was fairly convicted of armed robbery and kidnapping, responding to the football legend's appeal in a sports memorabilia case.
Clark County District Attorney David Roger filed a brief with the state's high court challenging Simpson's appeal of his conviction on 12 charges related to a confrontation with dealers of sport mementos in a Las Vegas casino hotel room.
Simpson was convicted in October and sentenced in December to nine to 33 years in state prison. He is housed at a medium-security prison in Lovelock, about 90 miles east of Reno.
The NFL Hall of Famer who had been acquitted in the 1994 slayings of his ex-wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend, Ron Goldman, in Los Angeles, has maintained he was trying to retrieve personal items that had been stolen from him and didn't know guns were involved when led the armed escapade with golfing buddies.
The 62-year-old's lawyers want him exonerated of all charges and have cited judicial misconduct, insufficient evidence, a lack of racial diversity on the jury and errors in sentencing and jury instructions in arguing that he should be set free.
Roger outlined eight reasons to uphold the conviction in a 46-page brief, arguing among other things that the court didn't remove two black women from the jury pool because of their race. The jury didn't include any black members.
Neither Roger nor Simpson attorney Yale Galanter immediately responded to messages seeking comment from The Associated Press late Friday.
In the document, Roger said the women were removed, in part, because prosecutors believed they wouldn't convict Simpson despite the state's evidence because of their religious convictions.
One of the women was a pastor in her church, and prosecutors worried that she might be forgiving by nature and able to influence other jurors.
"Prosecutors feared that a minister, whom many believe possesses a higher moral authority, could influence and sway jurors who might otherwise be inclined to convict and punish," the brief said. "Indeed, the state's apprehension ... had nothing to do with her racial background and everything to do with her ministerial position."
Another woman was removed from the jury pool because she made several Biblical references while being questioned by prosecutors and said her beliefs would make it hard to judge someone else's conduct. She said she would not send anybody to jail, Roger said in the brief.
In the brief, Roger also argues that Simpson's belief that he was retrieving his own property is not a defense against robbery and the court was not obligated to give instructions that would have misstated the law.
He also said Judge Jackie Glass properly stopped Simpson's lawyers from cross-examining a witness about things that didn't relate to the charges Simpson faced.
Roger also said in his filing that his attempt to show memorabilia dealer Alfred Beardsley's bias toward Simpson did not constitute prosecutorial misconduct. Beardsley was one of the peddlers whom Simpson confronted on Sept. 13, 2007, for selling mementoes of his career.
The district attorney's brief did not respond to the appeal of Clarence "C.J." Stewart, a 55-year-old friend of Simpson's who was convicted with him and is serving a 7 1/2- to 27-year sentence. Stewart's lawyers have argued that he should have been tried separately from Simpson.
Simpson and Stewart were tried together. Four other men who were with them took plea deals and received probation after testifying for the prosecution.

Heckling of president is rare in American history (AP)

Some 150 years ago, a congressman from South Carolina, angered by a speech on slavery, entered the Senate chamber and beat a senator from Massachusetts into unconsciousness with a metal-topped wooden cane.
Years earlier on the House floor, a representative from Vermont attacked a colleague from Connecticut — also with a cane — only to be attacked himself with a pair of fireplace tongs.
And then there was the 1838 pistol duel in which William Graves of Kentucky shot and killed fellow congressman Jonathan Cilley of Maine over words spoken on the House floor. (He wasn't even expelled.)
Given those breaches of congressional protocol, it would seem that a mere shout of "You lie!" from a 21st-century South Carolina congressman would be small potatoes. Especially when compared with a global tradition of brawls, scuffles, hurled insults (sometimes fruit, too) and other mayhem in legislatures around the world.
Yet there's little if any historical precedent for a U.S. congressman individually challenging a president during a speech to Congress — let alone accusing him of lying — which is just one reason why some longtime political observers were stunned by Rep. Joe Wilson's outburst.
Presidents didn't even address Congress between 1800, when John Adams held the job, and 1913, says Fred Beuttler, deputy historian at the House of Representatives, who calls the Wilson incident "highly unusual, if not unique."
"Occasionally, members of the opposing party have been known to boo and jeer as expressions of dissent on a specific point," says Beuttler, citing instances during the Bill Clinton and George W. Bush administrations. But before Wednesday, he says, "expressions of individual opposition of members to a president's speech had not been recorded."
Some have compared Wilson's outburst to those that occur routinely in Britain's House of Commons, when the prime minister is answering questions. But one political analyst says this is vastly different, because the prime minister isn't the head of state.
"Our president is the head of government and also the head of state, the combination of the country and the government," says Steven Cohen, professor of public administration at Columbia University. "We expect a certain amount of deference to the president, in the same way as we would for the queen. Here, we combine the two roles."
To another political analyst, it's the nature of the accusation — an elected official calling the president a liar — that is not only a serious breach (accusations of lying are forbidden under House rules) but also extremely rare in politics.
"Accusing someone of lying is impugning their integrity," says Kathleen Hall Jamieson, an expert on political communication at the Annenberg Public Policy Center at the University of Pennsylvania. "It was done in print a lot in the 19th century. But it is not routinely done in political discourse."
Congress is a place of deliberation, Jamieson adds: "If you call someone a liar, you've ended the deliberations. This is such a strong norm that it's been in the House rules since Jefferson."
In Britain, too, despite its lively parliament sessions, lawmakers can be suspended for accusing others of lying. One, Tam Dalyell, was thrown out for doing just that to former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, whom he called "a bounder, a liar, a deceiver, a cheat and a crook."
A British lawmaker was rebuked in 1986 for referring to President Ronald Reagan as Thatcher's "cretinous friend."
Winston Churchill was more subtle about the charge of lying, once describing a statement by another lawmaker as a "terminological inexactitude," now a commonly accepted euphemism for a lie.
Churchill was much subtler than the Labour lawmaker who accused Thatcher of acting "with the sensitivity of a sex-starved boa-constrictor." Or the members threatened with suspension for using terms including "hooligan," "cad," "jackass," "Pecksniffian cant," "coward," "git," "guttersnipe," "stool pigeon" and "traitor." Or Prime Minister John Major, who called Tony Blair, then the opposition leader, a "dimwit."
And royalty hasn't been exempt: The late Willie Hamilton, a Labour MP, was ordered to retract his description of Prince Charles as "that young twerp."
In Asia, it can get physical — all-out brawls are almost an annual event in Taiwan's raucous legislature, where in May 2007, lawmakers exchanged punches, climbed on each other's shoulders and jostled violently during a debate over electoral reform.

In Seoul, hundreds of lawmakers screamed and wrestled in South Korea's parliament in July, scuffling and shouting, grabbing each other by the neck and trying to bring opponents to the floor. Last year, lawmakers used sledgehammers to pound their way into a parliamentary committee room.

In Hong Kong, meanwhile, maverick lawmaker Raymond Wong, nicknamed "Mad Dog," hurled a bunch of bananas across the legislative chamber to protest an old-age allowance scheme.

And in Israel, parliament speeches are often drowned out by shouting legislators leaping out of their seats, pointing fingers and running about the chamber or being ordered out by the speaker. In 2001, Ethics Committee chairwoman Colette Avital circulated a list of 68 insults she wanted banned, including: blood-drinker, boor, fascist, filth, eye-gouger, Jew-hater, Nazi, Philistine, terrorist, traitor and poodle.

Such colorful drama is less familiar to Americans these days, at least since an 1858 debate over allowing Kansas as a state.

"A brawl ensued on the House floor with 50 or more representatives rushing towards one another and wrestling and punching each other as the Speaker, James Orr of South Carolina, pleaded for order," says Beuttler, though he notes the fight ended in laughter as one congressman pulled the wig off another, "which set the whole House of Representatives roaring with laughter."

Recent years have been much less colorful — until this week, and Wilson's remark, the fallout from which continues to saturate the airwaves and the blogosphere.

Many have blamed a culture of talk radio, the Internet and cable TV, where everyone has a point of a view and a platform, for creating an environment where such an incident could happen.

"If we become accustomed to hearing people call a politician a liar everywhere else — for example, in town halls — suddenly it seems more natural in a place where it's never been acceptable," says Jamieson,

But with any luck, she and others say, Wilson's remark may actually serve to prevent future such outbursts, because the swift negative reaction was a powerful reminder of what is not OK.

"I'd imagine that the next time President Obama speaks to Congress," says Beuttler, "everybody will be very polite."

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Associated Press writers Robert Barr, Meera Selva, Kwang-Tae Kim, Dikky Sin, Peter Enav and Ian Deitch contributed to this report.